Databases, Systems & Networks

Source: NooBUNBOX

Observium est un système de supervision de réseaux basé sur PHP / MySQL. Il supporte une large gamme de distributions (Windows, Linux, FreeBS, ESXI, etc.) et de matériels (Cisco, Linksys, Juniper, Dell).

Observium se décline en deux versions :

• Observium Community Edition : une version gratuite, open-source et mise à jour tous les 6 mois.
• Observium Profesionnal : une version payante (£150/an) distribuée via svn patchée quotidiennement (bug fixes, mises à jour de sécurité et nouvelles features)

Pour une utilisation non-professionnelle la version Community Edition suffit. Ici nous allons nous intéreser à l’installation et la configuration d’Observium sous debian 7.

Installation d’Observium

Ici nous partons d’une distribution propre, il nous faut donc commencer par installer les dépendances

sudo apt-get install libapache2-mod-php5 php5-cli php5-mysql php5-gd php5-mcrypt php5-json php-pear snmp fping \
mysql-server mysql-client python-mysqldb rrdtool subversion whois mtr-tiny ipmitool graphviz imagemagick

Créez le répertoire ou nous installerons Observium

 sudo mkdir -p /opt/observium && cd /opt

Téléchargez la dernière version du logiciel et extrayez la

sudo wget http://www.observium.org/observium-community-latest.tar.gz
sudo tar zxvf observium-community-latest.tar.gz

Lire la suite…

POSIX Access Control Lists (ACLs) are more fine-grained access rights for files and directories. An ACL consists of entries specifying access permissions on an associated object. ACLs can be configured per user, per group or via the effective rights mask.

These permissions apply to an individual user or a group, and use the same as rwxfound in regular permissions.

For an explanation of rwx, see FilePermissions

Enabling ACLs in the Filesystem

Before beginning to work with ACLs the file system must be mounted with ACLs turned on. This can be done in /etc/fstab for the changes to be permanent.

Lire la suite…

Source: ubuntugeek.com

This tutorial will explain How to Connect/disconnect VPN from the command line

If you want to interact with NetworkManager from the command line you can use the « nmcli » command.
Lire la suite…

Saving iptables rules for reboot

On a server, iptables rules don’t reload automatically at reboot. You need to reload the rules using ax executable shell scripture a dedicated utility that will load them at the same time as the program itself, i.e. with the kernel.

Depending of the version of Linux you use, you can select different methods:

sudo su
iptables-save > /etc/iptables.rules

In /etc/network/if-pre-up.d/iptables, put:

#!/bin/sh
iptables-restore < /etc/iptables.rules
exit 0

After, in /etc/network/if-post-down.d/iptables, put:

#!/bin/sh
iptables-save -c > /etc/iptables.rules
if [ -f /etc/iptables.rules ];
       then iptables-restore < /etc/iptables.rules
fi
exit 0

After, give permission to the scripts:

sudo chmod +x /etc/network/if-post-down.d/iptables sudo chmod +x /etc/network/if-pre-up.d/iptables

Another scenario is to is to install iptables-persistent:

sudo apt-get install iptables-persistent

After it’s installed, you can save/reload iptables rules anytime:

    sudo /etc/init.d/iptables-persistent save 
    sudo /etc/init.d/iptables-persistent reload

Or if you use Ubuntu server 16.04, things are simpler:

    sudo netfilter-persistent save
    sudo netfilter-persistent reload

I want to add more RAM to my server running Ubuntu Linux. How do I find out my current RAM chip information such as its speed, type and manufacturer name within a Linux system without opening the case?

You need to use the dmidecode command which is a tool for dumping a computer’s DMI (some say SMBIOS) table contents in a human-readable format. This table contains a description of the system’s hardware components (such as RAM), as well as other useful pieces of information such as serial numbers and BIOS revision. Thanks to this table, you can retrieve hardware information without having to probe for the actual hardware. Open a command-line terminal (select Applications > Accessories > Terminal), and then type:

$ sudo dmidecode --type memory

OR

# dmidecode --type memory | less

OR

$ sudo dmidecode --type 17

Sample outputs:

# dmidecode 2.10
SMBIOS version fixup (2.51 -> 2.6).
SMBIOS 2.6 present.
Handle 0x0011, DMI type 16, 15 bytes
Physical Memory Array
	Location: System Board Or Motherboard
	Use: System Memory
	Error Correction Type: None
	Maximum Capacity: 4 GB
	Error Information Handle: Not Provided
	Number Of Devices: 4
Handle 0x0012, DMI type 17, 27 bytes
Memory Device
	Array Handle: 0x0011
	Error Information Handle: No Error
	Total Width: 72 bits
	Data Width: 64 bits
	Size: 2048 MB
	Form Factor: DIMM
	Set: 1
	Locator: DIMM#1A
	Bank Locator: Bank 1
	Type: DDR2
	Type Detail: Synchronous
	Speed: 667 MHz
	Manufacturer: Not Specified
	Serial Number: Not Specified
	Asset Tag: Not Specified
	Part Number: Not Specified
Handle 0x0013, DMI type 17, 27 bytes
Memory Device
	Array Handle: 0x0011
	Error Information Handle: No Error
	Total Width: 72 bits
	Data Width: 64 bits
	Size: 2048 MB
	Form Factor: DIMM
	Set: 1
	Locator: DIMM#2A
	Bank Locator: Bank 2
	Type: DDR2
	Type Detail: Synchronous
	Speed: 667 MHz
	Manufacturer: Not Specified
	Serial Number: Not Specified
	Asset Tag: Not Specified
	Part Number: Not Specified
Handle 0x0014, DMI type 17, 27 bytes
Memory Device
	Array Handle: 0x0011
	Error Information Handle: No Error
	Total Width: 72 bits
	Data Width: 64 bits
	Size: 2048 MB
	Form Factor: DIMM
	Set: 1
	Locator: DIMM#1B
	Bank Locator: Bank 1
	Type: DDR2
	Type Detail: Synchronous
	Speed: 667 MHz
	Manufacturer: Not Specified
	Serial Number: Not Specified
	Asset Tag: Not Specified
	Part Number: Not Specified
Handle 0x0015, DMI type 17, 27 bytes
Memory Device
	Array Handle: 0x0011
	Error Information Handle: No Error
	Total Width: 72 bits
	Data Width: 64 bits
	Size: 2048 MB
	Form Factor: DIMM
	Set: 1
	Locator: DIMM#2B
	Bank Locator: Bank 2
	Type: DDR2
	Type Detail: Synchronous
	Speed: 667 MHz
	Manufacturer: Not Specified
	Serial Number: Not Specified
	Asset Tag: Not Specified
	Part Number: Not Specified