Databases, Systems & Networks

At the command line, environmental variables are defined for the current shell and become inherited by any running command or process. They can determine anything from the default shell, the PATH, the users home directory, to the terminal emulation type, current working directory, where a history file is located, language and localization settings, and going further to include shell variables, which include everything from customizations to the bash prompt, colorized ls output, and changes to terminal appearance, to aliases, and much more.

Let’s walk through how to list environment and shell variables, and then how to set and add new environment variables at the command line of Mac OS X.

Displaying Current Environment & Shell Variables in Mac OS X

To quickly get a list of environmental variables, you can use the following command:

printenv

If you want to see a complete list of shell variables, the ‘set’ command can be issued as well:

set

The output of these commands can be lengthy so you may wish to pipe the output through the less or more commands.
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The excitement of installing a new version of macOS, especially if it’s a High Sierra 10.13, is only tempered by the possibility of it not working properly or not being compatible with the apps you use most.

Before you begin upgrade to MacOS make a bootable backup

If you haven’t started the process of upgrading yet, check if the Mac is compatible with macOS High Sierra and make a bootable backup. 

Do it now, before you do anything else. If things go disastrously wrong at least you’ll be able to boot from macOS’ Recovery partition and migrate all your data back to your Mac. You can use any backup tool you like – Apple obviously favours Time Machine, but you don’t have to use it. You can use, for example, Get Backup Pro, which comes with your Setapp subscription. Don’t have a Setapp subscription? Click here to sign up.

Common MacOS High Sierra Problems

While most new versions of macOS are relatively problem-free, it’s not unknown for users to have issues – particularly with a beta or .0 release. Thankfully most are easy to resolve. Here’s how to fix the most common High Sierra issues.

High Sierra Installer Won’t Download

If you’re trying to download the macOS High Sierra installer, you’ll need to have signed up to App Store. If you’ve done that, and managed to start the downloading process only for it to fail, force quit the App Store app.

1. Press Cmd-Alt-Esc or go to the Apple menu and choose Force Quit.
2. Select the App Store app and confirm you want to force quit.
3. Re-launch the App Store and try downloading again.

Macos High Sierra Won’t Install

If the download completes successfully but the installation doesn’t finish, force quit the installer using the same procedure as above. 

1. Restart your Mac
2. Launch the App Store app and go to the Purchases tab. 
3. Find macOS High Sierra and click Install. 

If that doesn’t work, try deleting the downloaded installer (it’s in your Applications folder) using CleanMyMac and download it again.

If you have a copy of macOS Server in your applications folder, that may be the root of the problem. Delete it and try again.

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